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Laravel Authentication Bearer Token

Did you know that the Bearer token authentication helps authenticate API requests?

Here, each request includes a token to authenticate the user making the request.

In Laravel, we can use this via Laravel Passport or Laravel Sanctum.

Today, we will take a close look at how to use Laravel Sanctum in a Laravel application.

Setting Up A Laravel Project

1. To begin with, create a new Laravel project. This is done by running this command in a terminal:

   composer create-project laravel/laravel simple-api
2. Then, go to the project directory:

   cd simple-api
3. Next, install Laravel Sanctum along with Laravel Fortify:

   composer require laravel/sanctum laravel/fortify
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Fortify\FortifyServiceProvider"
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Sanctum\SanctumServiceProvider"

4. Now, it is time to define the structure of our users table. We can modify the default migration file for users located at `database/migrations`.

   php artisan migrate
5. Then, disable unnecessary routes for views in the `config/fortify.php` configuration file:

   'views' => false,
6. Now, create a controller to handle authentication:

   php artisan make:controller API/AuthenticationController
7. Next, we have to define routes for login, registration, and logout in the `routes/api.php` file:

   Route::post('/login', [AuthenticationController::class, 'login'])->name('login');
Route::post('/register', [AuthenticationController::class, 'register'])->name('register');
Route::middleware('auth:sanctum')->post('/logout', [AuthenticationController::class, 'logout'])->name('logout');

8. Then, in the `AuthenticationController`, use the `login` and `logout` methods to handle authentication:

   public function login(Request $request) {
// Authentication logic
}
public function logout(Request $request) {
// Logout logic
}

9. Additionally, set the registration endpoint in the `AuthenticationController`:

   public function register(Request $request) {
// Registration logic
}

10. Finally, test the API using tools like Postman. Make requests to the `/register` and `/login` endpoints. Also, make sure that the authentication token is included in upcoming requests.

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Conclusion

In brief, our Support Experts introduced us to the Laravel Authentication Bearer Token via Laravel Sanctum.