Read the article to learn more on troubleshooting “grub error: you need to load the kernel first.” At Bobcares, we assist our customers with several queries on a daily basis as part of our Server Management Services.

Overview

1. Solving “grub error: you need to load the kernel first”
2. Causes
3. Fixes

Solving “grub error: you need to load the kernel first”

When the Linux kernel cannot be found or loaded by the GRUB bootloader during the boot process, an error known as “grub error: you need to load the kernel first” is shown. One of the following causes usually leads to this error:

Causes

1. An incorrect configuration of the kernel

The most frequent reason for this issue is because the right kernel is not being loaded by the GRUB setup. This may occur when the GRUB configuration is not correctly changed following a kernel upgrade, the kernel files are missing, or the kernel files are in the incorrect directory.

2. Problems with Secure Boot

Problems with Secure Boot may be another reason. The GRUB bootloader might not be able to load the kernel if Secure Boot is enabled. This issue is frequently fixable by turning off Secure Boot in the BIOS.

3. Issues with Partition or Disk

Disk or partition issues may possibly be the cause of this error. GRUB will not be able to load the kernel if the root partition or the partition holding the kernel files is not recognized or mounted correctly.

4. Poor Installation or Upgrade

This issue may also arise from an interrupted or incomplete operating system installation or update. In some situations, the kernel may not load successfully because the system may be partially damaged.

Fixes

1. Check GRUB Configuration:

i. From the GRUB command line, use set and ls to identify the correct kernel and root partition.

ii. Edit the GRUB configuration to point to the correct kernel and root partition.

2. Disable Secure Boot: Disable Secure Boot in the BIOS, then try booting again.

3. Update GRUB and Initramfs: Run the following code”

sudo update-initramfs -k all -u
sudo update-grub

This updates the GRUB configuration and initramfs.

4. Reinstall the Operating System: If the above steps fail, reinstall the OS from a bootable USB or DVD.

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Conclusion

By following these steps from our Experts, we should be able to resolve the issue and boot the Linux system successfully.